Serum CA 19-9 as a potential biomarker for diabetic neuropathy: a comparative study among diabetic patients and healthy controls
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60988/p.v37i2S.227Keywords:
vitamin D; CA 19-9; neuropathy; diabetes; outcomesAbstract
This study investigated the potential of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) as a biomarker for diabetic neuropathy (NP) by comparing its levels among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and NP, patients with DM without NP, and healthy controls. Participants were recruited between February and August 2022 at the Center of Diabetes, Merjan Medical City, Babil Province, Iraq. A total of 220 subjects were analysed. Serum CA 19-9 concentrations were significantly higher in the DM with NP group (21.99 ± 5.23 U/mL) compared to the DM without NP group (20.29 ± 4.67 U/mL) and healthy controls (9.65 ± 3.12 U/mL). Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive association between CA 19-9 and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels (r=0.72, p<0.01). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with an area under the curve of 0.95 for distinguishing DM with NP from healthy subjects. Logistic regression analysis suggested a positive, though statistically non-significant, association between CA 19-9 and NP. These findings support the potential role of CA 19-9 as a biomarker for the early detection of diabetic NP, underscoring its relevance in clinical practice to enhance DM management and patient outcomes. Further research is warranted in order to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and validate these findings across diverse populations.
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