Toll-like receptor 4 signalling pathway: a therapeutic target for multiple diseases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60988/p.v37i2S.257Keywords:
Toll-like receptor 4; inflammatory pathologies; cardiovascular disorders; neoplastic conditions; Alzheimer’s diseaseAbstract
The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signalling pathway is integral to the innate immune response and plays a pivotal role in numerous disease states, including infections, autoimmune disorders, metabolic conditions, and cancers. The activation of TLR4 initiates a cascade of signalling events that modulate key cellular processes and immune functions. The dysregulation of TLR4 signalling has been implicated in several pathophysiological conditions, particularly those involving chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction. This short review examines the mechanisms by which TLR4 signal transduction pathways influence cellular behaviour, highlights TLR4-mediated disease processes, and surveys current therapeutic strategies targeting TLR4. Evidence suggests that TLR4 inhibition can improve clinical outcomes in various settings, underscoring its therapeutic potential. We, herein, provide a succinct synthesis of recent advances in TLR4 research, emphasizing its viability as a clinical target. Finally, we consider the future implications of TLR4-focused therapies, and how such approaches might be integrated into routine practice in order to treat a broad spectrum of diseases.
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