Measurement of Antioxidants and Phenolics in Wines and Tsipouro Enriched with Powerful Antioxidants such as Vitamins and Resveratrol

Authors

  • Eirini Lagoutari
  • Maria Liouni
  • Maria Lagoutari
  • Anastasia Detsi
  • Panagiotis Zoumpoulakis
  • Charalampos Proestos

Keywords:

Wine; Tsipouro; Retinol (vitamin A); Tocopherol (vitamin E); Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C); Resveratrol (RVT); Enrichment; DPPH; ABTS; Folin-Ciocalteu

Abstract

he subject of this article is the incorporation of powerful antioxidants such as resveratrol (RVT), retinol (vitamin A), tocopherol (vitamin E) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) into alcoholic beverages such as red, white. , and rosé wine, and spirits such as tsipouro with the aim of enriching them and increasing the added nutritional value of the final products. Enrichment was achieved with substances, such as resveratrol, and the vitamins mentioned above, encapsulated in suitable food and beverage compatible matrices, such as cyclodextrins. This integration is expected to increase the antioxidant properties of alcoholic beverages and, by extension, the nutritional and economic value of the final product. The substances used were placed in wines and spirits (tsipouro) at a specific concentration of 200mg of antioxidant in 1000ml of alcoholic beverage and sampling was done at specified time intervals. The final-maximum values were evaluated and thus found the antioxidant activity measured by two methods DPPH, ABTS and the total content of phenolic compounds measured by the Folin-Ciocalteau method. Finally, the enriched alcoholic beverages were subjected to an organoleptic test in order to determine any alterations due to the addition of antioxidants. 

References

Nikfardjam Pour M.S. La´zlo Gy., Dietrich, H., Resveratrol-derivatives and antioxidative capacity in wines made from botrytized grapes. Food Chem., 96, 74–79, 2006. https://doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.01.058

Gorelick-Feldman J., Maclean D., Ilic N., Poulev A., Lila M.A., Cheng D., Raskin I. Phytoecdysteroids increase protein synthesis in skeletal muscle cells. J. Agric. Food Chem. 56(10), 3532-7, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf073059z

Brouillard R., George F., Fougerousse A., Polyphenols produced during red wine ageing. Biofactors. 6(4),403-10 1997. https://doi.org/10.1002/biof.5520060406

Ceryova N., Bajcan D., Lidikova J., Snirc M., Trebichalsky P., Beresecka J., Horvathova J., Phenolic Contents, Antioxidant Activity and colour density of Slovak pinot noir Wines. Acta Agriculturae Slovenika 117(3):1, 1-8, 2021. https://doi:10.14720/aas.2021.117.3.2043

German B.J., Walzem R.L., The Health Benefits of Wine. Annual reviews. 20, 561-593, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.20.1.561

Simpson J. (2012) Creating Wine, The Emergence of a World Industry. Pricenton Univercity Press, 36, 1840-1914. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400838882

Arrigoni O., De Tullio M.C., Ascorbic acid: much more than just an antioxidant. Elsevier. Biochim. Biophys. Acta.1569, 1-9, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4165(01)00235-5

Azzi A., Molecular mechanism of α-tocopherol action. Elsevier. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 43, 16-21, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.03.013

Newcomer M.E., Jones T.A., Aqvist J., Sundelin J., Eriksson U., Rask L., Peterson P.A., The three-dimensional structure of retinol-binding protein. The EMBO journal. 3, 1451-1454, 1984. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb01995.x

Nikfardjam Pour M.S., Laszlo G., Dietrich H., Resveratrol-derivatives and antioxidative capacity in wines made from botrytized grapes. Food chemistry, 96, 74-79, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.01.058

Dasgupta A., Klein K., Antioxidants in Food, Vitamins and Supplements, Prevention and Treatment of Disease. Oxford: Elsevier. 58, 2014.

Mandal M., Antioxidants in food. News – Medical. 2015.

Clarke G., Ting K.N., Wiart C., Fry J., High Correlation 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Radical Scavenging, Ferric Reducing Activity Potential and Total Phenolics Content Indicates Redundancy in Use of all Three Assays to Screen for Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Plants from the Malaysian Rainforest, Antioxidants. National library of medicine. 2(1), 1-10, 2013. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox2010001

Enujiugha V.N., Talabi J.Y., Malomo S.A., Olagunju A.I., DPPH Radical Scavenging Capacity of Phenolic Extracts from African Yam Bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa). Food Nutrition Sci.. 3, 7-13 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/fns.2012.31002

Marinova, G., Batchvarov V., Evaluation of the method for determination of the free radical scavenging activity by DPPH. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci. 17(1), 11-24, 2011.

Danilewicz J. C., The Folin-Ciocalteu, FRAP, and DPPH, Assays for Measuring Polyphenol Concentration in White Wine. Am. J. Enol. Vitic.. 66, 463-471, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2015.15025

Blainski A., Lopes G., Pallazo De Mello J.C., Application and analysis of the Folin – Ciocalteu Method for the Determination of the Total Phenolic Content from Limonium Brasiliense, L. National library of medicine. 18(6), 6852-6865, 2013. https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fmolecules18066852

Re R., Pellegrini N., Proteggente A., Pannala A., Yang M., Rice-Evans C., Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 26(9-10), 1231-1237, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5849(98)00315-3

Villano D., Fernandez-Pachon M.S., Troncoso A.M., Garcia- Parrilia M.C., The Antioxidant Activity of Wines Determined by the ABTS + Method: Influence of Sample Dilution and Time. Elsevier. Talanta 64, 501-509, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2004.03.021

Walker R., Everette J., Comparative reaction rates of various antioxidants with ABTS radical cation. J. Agric. Food Chem. 57, 1156-1161, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf8026765

Downloads

Published

03-04-2024

Issue

Section

Research Articles